Course Content & Objectives
Module 1
FAA RULES & REGULATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand the foundational FAA regulations governing small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS), including the purpose of Part 107, pilot responsibilities, operational limitations, and the importance of regulatory compliance for safe drone operations.
- Federal Aviation Administration
- Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)
- Remote Pilot In Command (RPIC)
- Visual Observer (VO)
- Control Station (CS)
- Maximum Allowable Altitude
- Maximum Allowable Speed
- Drone Weight Limits
- Registration Requirements
- Recreational Flyers
- Visual Line of Sight ((VLOS)
- Cloud Clearance Requirements
- Minimun Visibility
- Anti-Collision Lights
- Remote Pilot Certification
- Change of Address Notification
- Alcohol and Drugs
- Incident Reporting
- Right of Way Rules
- Operations Over Moving Vehicles
- Flying Over People (Category 1-4)
- Foreign Drone Registration
Module 2
THE LEGEND (ACUG)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand how to interpret the symbols, markings, and information contained within FAA sectional chart legends, including airports, airspace boundaries, navigational aids, obstructions, hazards, and other critical details necessary for safe sUAS flight planning.
- The Legend Explained
- Airport Symbols and Color Codes
- Airport Data and Information
- Airspace Classification Symbols and Colors
- Obstructions Information and Symbols
- Sectional Chart Symbols
- Chart Supplements
Module 3
NATIONAL AIRSPACE - NAS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand the National Airspace System (NAS), airspace classifications, operating requirements, and the responsibilities of remote pilots when conducting sUAS operations within controlled and uncontrolled airspace.
- National Airspace System (NAS)
- Controlled and Un-Controlled Airspace
- Airspace Classifications Explained
- Class A Airspace
- Class B Airspace
- Class C Airspace
- Class D Airspace
- Class E Airspace
- Class G Airspace
- Prohibited Areas Airspace
- Warning Areas
- Restricted Areas
- Alert Areas
- Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR)
- Controlled Firing Areas
- Military Operations Airspace
- Military Training Route (MTR)
- Victor Airways
Module 4
AERONAUTICAL SECTIONAL CHARTS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand how to read and interpret FAA aeronautical sectional charts, including airspace classifications, airport information, chart symbols, terrain features, obstacles, navigation aids, and other critical information required for safe and compliant sUAS flight planning.
- Introduction to FAA Sectional Charts
- Understanding the Sectional Chart Legend
- Chart Supplements
- Learning Chart Symbols
- Airspace Classification Colors
- Airspace Layers and Altitudes
- Class D Airspace Symbols
- Class E Airspace Symbols & Colors
- Figure 25 Sectional Chart Excerpt
- Airport Data & Information
- Airport Runway Colors
- Airport Symbols and Markings
- Military Operations Areas (MOAs)
- Victor Airways
- Airport Data Blocks
- Visual VFR Checkpoints
- Airport Runway Information
- Airport Lighting Symbols
- Obstructions & Towers
- Latitude & Longitude Markers
- Maximum Elevation Figures (MEFs)
- Terrain & Topographic Features
- Isogonic Lines
- Radio Navigation Aids (VORs)
- Compass Rose & VOR Information
- Chart Supplements
- Determining Airspace Boundaries
- Chart Scale & Distance Measurements
- FAA Chart Updates & Currency
- Chart Interpretation Exercises
Module 5
LATITUDE & LONGITUDE
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand the principles of latitude and longitude, including geographic coordinates, degrees of measurement, hemispheres, and how coordinate systems are used to identify locations, support navigation, and assist remote pilots with accurate flight planning and operations.
- History of Navigation
- Understanding Latitude and Longitude
- Reading Latitude and Longitude Coordinates
- Latitude Lines (Parallels)
- Longitude Lines (Meridians)
- Equator & Prime Meridian
- Latitude by Degrees
- Longitude by Degrees
- Tick Marks & 30 Minute Markers
- Nautical Miles vs Statute Miles
- Finding Locations Using Coordinates
- Understanding Chart Grid
- Converting Between Coordinate Formats
- Latitude & Longitude Formats
- Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds (DMS)
- Degrees, Decimal Minutes (DDM)
- Decimal Degrees (DD)
- Coordinates on Charts
Module 6
WEATHER CONDITIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand aviation weather conditions and their impact on sUAS operations, including wind, visibility, cloud coverage, precipitation, temperature, thunderstorms, and other weather-related factors that affect flight safety, aircraft performance, and operational decision-making.
- The Source of Weather
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Atmospheric Stability
- Movement of Air
- Wind, Currents & Circulation
- Wind Sheer
- Temperature & Humidity
- Dew Point Explained
- Clouds & Visibility
- Cold Fronts & Warm Fronts
- Air Masses
- Thunderstorms & Hazardous Weather
- Types of Fog
- 32 Degrees with Visible Moisture
- Structural Icing
- Air Density & Density Altitude
Module 7
DECODING METAR & TAF REPORTS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand how to decode and interpret aviation weather reports, including METAR and TAF formats, weather symbols, wind information, visibility, cloud coverage, temperature, pressure settings, and forecast conditions to support safe and informed sUAS flight planning decisions.
- Introduction to METAR Reports
- Understanding METAR Format
- Airport Identification Codes
- Observation Time Groups
- Wind Information
- Visibility Reports
- Weather Phenomena
- Cloud Coverage and Ceiling
- Temperature and Dew Point
- Altimeter Settings
- METAR Remarks Section
- Reading and Interpreting METAR Examples
- Introduction to TAF Reports
- Understanding TAF Format
- Forecast Periods
- Expected Weather Changes
- Wind Forecasts
- Visibility Forecasts
- Cloud Forecasts
- Temporary Weather Conditions
- Probability Forecasts
- Reading and Interpreting TAF Examples
- Comparing METAR vs TAF
Module 8
AIRPORT OPERATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand airport operations, including airport classifications, runway information, airport markings, traffic patterns, communication procedures, and the responsibilities of remote pilots when operating safely near airports and within the National Airspace System.
- Introduction to Airport Operations
- Understanding Airport Types
- Magnetic Headings
- Controlled vs. Uncontrolled Airports
- Airport Identification and Symbols
- Reading Airport Data Blocks
- Airport Runway Layouts
- True North vs Magnetic North
- Runway Marking by Degrees
- Runway Numbers and Orientation
- Runway Markings and Lighting
- Airport Traffic Patterns
- Traffic Pattern Directions and Altitudes
- Left Traffic vs. Right Traffic
- Entering and Exiting Traffic Patterns
- Aircraft Takeoff and Landing Procedures
- Helicopter Operations
- Airport Communication Frequencies
- UNICOM and CTAF Frequencies
- Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS)
- Airport Surveillance and Safety Areas
- Common Airport Hazards
- Recognizing Airport Airspace Restrictions
- Determining When FAA Authorization Is Required
- LAANC Authorization Near Airports
Module 9
AIRCRAFT DYNAMICS, AERODYNAMICS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand aircraft dynamics and aerodynamics, including the four primary forces of flight, aircraft control surfaces, airflow over wings, critical angle of attack, stalls, aircraft axes of movement, center of gravity, aircraft loading, load factors, and how these principles affect safe sUAS performance and operation.
- Introduction to Aerodynamics
- The Four Primary Forces of Flight
- Aircraft Axes of Movement
- Aircraft Control Surfaces
- Control Surfaces & Aircraft Movement
- Airflow Over Wings
- Lift Generation and Wing Design
- Critical Angle of Attack
- Stalls and Stall Recovery
- Stall Speed Factors
- Aircraft Center of Gravity (CG)
- Aircraft Loading and Weight Distribution
- Load Factor and G-Forces
- Load Factor Calculations
- Aircraft Performance Considerations
- Applications to (sUAS)
- Fixed-Wing vs Multirotor Aerodynamics
- How Propellers Create Lift and Thrust
- Effects of Wind on Small Aircraft
- Weight Changes and Battery Performance
Module 10
AERONAUTICAL DECISION-MAKING (ADM)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) principles, including risk assessment, situational awareness, the PAVE checklist, IMSAFE checklist, and effective decision-making strategies to identify hazards, manage risks, and maintain safe sUAS operations.
- Introduction to Aeronautical Decision-Making
- Importance of Good Decision-Making
- Crew Resource Management (CRM)
- Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation
- Five Hazardous Attitudes & Antidotes
- Preflight Risk Assessment
- P.A.V.E Checklist
- IMSAFE Pilot Fitness Checklist
- Human Behavior
- Decision Making Process
- Hazard Identification
- Aircraft Performance Considerations
- Effective Communication
- Emergency Decision-Making
- Post-Flight Evaluation and Improvement
- Single Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
- The 5 Ps Checklist
- Situational Awareness
Module 11
REMOTE IDENTIFICATION (RID)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand Remote Identification (Remote ID) requirements, including FAA compliance standards, broadcast requirements, identification methods, operational responsibilities, and the role of Remote ID in integrating sUAS operations safely into the National Airspace System.
- Introduction to Remote ID
- Purpose of Remote ID
- Code of Federal Regulations; 14 CFR Part 89
- How Remote ID Works
- 3 Ways to Remain Compliant
- Standard Remote ID Drones
- Remote ID Broadcast Modules
- Remote ID Broadcast Information
- FAA Recognized Identification Area (FRIA)
- Community Based Organizations (COBs)
- Remote ID External Module
- Remote ID vs ADS-B
- Purpose of ADS-B in Manned Aviation
- ADS-B Broadcasts Aircraft Information
- Remote ID Status
- Manufacturer Remote ID Updates
- Operating a Drone Without Remote ID
Module 12
NIGHT OPERATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand night sUAS operations, including FAA requirements, visual deficiencies, night vision limitations, night scanning techniques, lighting requirements, and the human factors involved in maintaining safe and effective nighttime flight operations.
- Introduction to Night Operations
- Night Flight Safety
- FAA Regulations for Night Operations
- RPIC Requirements for Night Operations
- Visual Observer at Night (VO)
- Anti-Collision Lighting Requirements
- Aircraft Visibility at Night
- Night Flight Equipment
- Night Vision and Human Factors
- Visual Deficiencies and Limitations
- Effects of Darkness on Vision
- Reduced Depth Perception at Night
- Visual Illusions During Night Operations
- Night Vision Adaptation
- Protecting Night Vision
- Night Scanning Techniques
- Maintaining Situational Awareness at Night
- Effects of Fatigue on Night Operations
- Disorientation and Loss of Visual References
Module 13
HUMAN FACTORS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand human factors affecting remote pilot performance, including fatigue, stress, complacency, hyperventilation, impairment from alcohol, drugs, and medication, and the importance of maintaining physical and mental readiness for safe sUAS operations.
- Introduction to Human Factors
- Human Performance in Aviation
- Pilot Fitness and Responsibilities
- Fatigue and Its Effects on Performance
- Stress Management in Aviation
- Complacency and Risk Awareness
- Hyperventilation
- Hypoxia Awareness
- Spatial Disorientation
- Motion Sickness
- Dehydration and Nutrition
- Effects of Heat and Cold on Performance
- Vision and Hearing Considerations
- Alcohol Impairment
- Drug Impairment
- Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications
- Illegal Drugs and Aviation Safety
- The IMSAFE Checklist
- Recognizing Personal Limitations
Module 14
14 CFR PART48 - DRONE REGISTRATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand 14 CFR Part 48 requirements, including sUAS registration, aircraft identification, registration responsibilities, compliance requirements, and the importance of maintaining accurate drone information for lawful and safe operations.
- Introduction to 14 CFR Part 48
- Purpose of Aircraft Registration
- Who Must Register a Drone
- Registration Requirements for Part 107 Pilots
- Registration Requirements for Recreational Flyers
- Registration Eligibility
- When Registration Is Required
- Aircraft Subject to Registration
- Registration Exemptions
- FAA DroneZone Registration System
- Information Required for Registration
- Registration Renewal Requirements
- Certificate of Aircraft Registration
- Registration Number Requirements
- Proper Display of Registration Numbers
- Marking Requirements for sUAS
- Registration Responsibilities
- Registration Changes and Updates
- Transfer of Ownership
- Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Aircraft
- Registration Compliance and Enforcement
- Relationship Between Part 48 and Remote ID
Module 15
HAZARDS & EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
Understand operational hazards and emergency procedures, including in-flight emergencies, lost link situations, collision avoidance, right-of-way responsibilities, hazardous locations, infrastructure hazards, hazardous material payloads, and strategies to protect people, property, and the National Airspace System during sUAS operations.
- Introduction to Flight Hazards
- Risk Recognition and Hazard Awareness
- In-Flight Emergency Procedures
- Lost Link Procedures
- Flyaway Procedures
- Return-to-Home (RTH) Procedures
- Low Battery Emergencies
- GPS Signal Loss
- Loss of Video Transmission
- Loss of Control Link
- Emergency Landing Procedures
- Collision Avoidance Procedures
- Visual Observer Responsibilities
- Operating Near Airports
- Avoiding Smoke Stacks and Chimneys
- Radio Towers and Communication Towers
- Guy Wires and Support Cables
- Cell Towers and Antenna Arrays